{"id":12252,"date":"2024-11-07T10:51:36","date_gmt":"2024-11-07T09:51:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.actvism.org\/?p=12252"},"modified":"2024-11-07T10:57:16","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T09:57:16","slug":"brics-gipfel-us-hegemonie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.actvism.org\/en\/latest\/brics-gipfel-us-hegemonie\/","title":{"rendered":"The BRICS Summit Should Mark the End of Neocon Delusions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p><em>By Jeffrey. D Sachs<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p><em><em>Simply put, the majority of the world does not want or accept U.S. hegemony, and is prepared to face it down rather than submit to its dictates.<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>The recent BRICS Summit in Kazan, Russia should mark the end of the Neocon delusions encapsulated in the subtitle of Zbigniew Brzezinski\u2019s 1997 book, <em>The Global Chessboard<\/em>: <em>American Primacy and its Geostrategic Imperatives<\/em>. Since the 1990s, the goal of American foreign policy has been \u201cprimacy,\u201d aka global hegemony. The U.S. methods of choice have been wars, regime change operations, and unilateral coercive measures (economic sanctions). Kazan brought together 35 countries with more than half the world population that reject the U.S. bullying and that are not cowed by U.S. claims of hegemony.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>In the Kazan Declaration, the countries underscored \u201cthe emergence of new centres of power, policy decision-making and economic growth, which can pave the way for a more equitable, just, democratic and balanced multipolar world order.\u201d They emphasized &#8220;the need to adapt the current architecture of international relations to better reflect the contemporary realities,\u201d while declaring their \u201ccommitment to multilateralism and upholding the international law, including the Purposes and Principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations (UN) as its indispensable cornerstone.\u201d They took particular aim at the sanctions imposed by the U.S. and its allies, holding that \u201cSuch measures undermine the UN Charter, the multilateral trading system, the sustainable development and environmental agreements.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>The neocon quest for global hegemony has deep historical roots in America\u2019s belief in its exceptionalism. In 1630, John Winthrop invoked the Gospels in describing the Massachusetts Bay Colony as a \u201cCity on the Hill,\u201d declaring grandiosely that \u201cThe eyes of all people are upon us.\u201d In the 19th century, America was guided by Manifest Destiny, to conquer North America by displacing or exterminating the native peoples. In the course of World War II, Americans embraced the idea of the \u201cAmerican Century,\u201d that after the war the U.S. would lead the world.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>The U.S. delusions of grandeur were supercharged with the collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991. With America\u2019s Cold War nemesis gone, the ascendant American neoconservatives conceived of a new world order in which the U.S. was the sole superpower and the policeman of the world. Their foreign policy instruments of choice were wars and regime-change operations to overthrow governments they disliked.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>Following 9\/11, the neocons planned to overthrow seven governments in the Islamic world, starting with Iraq, and then moving on to Syria, Lebanon, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, and Iran. According to Wesley Clark, former Supreme Commander of NATO, the neocons expected the U.S. to prevail in these wars in 5 years. Yet now, more than 20 years on, the neocon-instigated wars continue while the U.S. has achieved absolutely none of its hegemonic objectives.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>The neocons reasoned back in the 1990s that no country or group of countries would ever dare to stand up to U.S. power. Brzezinski, for example, argued in <em>The Grand Chessboard<\/em> that Russia would have no choice but to submit to the U.S.-led expansion of NATO and the geopolitical dictates of the U.S. and Europe, since there was no realistic prospect of Russia successfully forming an anti-hegemonic coalition with China, Iran and others. As Brzezinski put it:<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>\u201cRussia\u2019s only real geostrategic option\u2014the option that could give Russia a realistic international role and also maximize the opportunity of transforming and socially modernizing itself\u2014is Europe. And not just any Europe, but <em>the transatlantic Europe of the enlarging EU and NATO<\/em>.\u201d (emphasis added, Kindle edition, p. 118)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>Brzezinski was decisively wrong, and his misjudgment helped to lead to the disaster of the war in Ukraine. Russia did not simply succumb to the U.S. plan to expand NATO to Ukraine, as Brzezinski assumed it would. Russia said a firm no, and was prepared to wage war to stop the U.S. plans. As a result of the neocon miscalculations vis-\u00e0-vis Ukraine, Russia is now prevailing on the battlefield, and hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians are dead.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>Nor\u2014and this is the plain message from Kazan\u2014did U.S. sanctions and diplomatic pressures isolate Russian in the least. In response to pervasive U.S. bullying, an anti-hegemonic counterweight has emerged. Simply put, the majority of the world does not want or accept U.S. hegemony, and is prepared to face it down rather than submit to its dictates. Nor does the U.S. anymore possess the economic, financial, or military power to enforce its will, if it ever did.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>The countries that assembled in Kazan represent a clear majority of the world\u2019s population. The nine BRICS members (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa as the original five, plus Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates), in addition to the delegations of 27 aspiring members, constitute 57 percent of the world\u2019s population and 47 percent of the world\u2019s output (measured at purchasing-power adjusted prices). The U.S., by contrast, constitutes 4.1 percent of the world population and 15 percent of world output. Add in the U.S. allies, and the population share of the U.S.-led alliance is around 15 percent of the global population.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>The BRICS will gain in relative economic weight, technological prowess, and military strength in the years ahead. The combined GDP of the BRICS countries is growing at around 5 percent per annum, while the combined GDP of the U.S. and its allies in Europe and the Asia-Pacific is growing at around 2 percent per annum.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>Even with their growing clout, however, the BRICS can\u2019t replace the U.S. as a new global hegemon. They simply lack the military, financial, and technological power to defeat the U.S. or even to threaten its vital interests. The BRICS are in practice calling for a new and realistic multipolarity, not an alternative hegemony in which they are in charge.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>American strategists should heed the ultimately positive message coming from Kazan. Not only has the neocon quest for global hegemony failed, it has been a costly disaster for the US and the world, leading to bloody and pointless wars, economic shocks, mass displacements of populations, and rising threats of nuclear confrontation. A more inclusive and equitable multipolar world order offers a promising path out of the current morass, one that can benefit the U.S. and its allies as well as the nations that met in Kazan.The rise of the BRICS is therefore not merely a rebuke to the U.S., but also a potential opening for a far more peaceful and secure world order. The multipolar world order envisioned by the BRICS can be a boon for all countries, including the United States. Time has run out on the neocon delusions, and the U.S. wars of choice. The moment has arrived for a renewed diplomacy to end the conflicts raging around the world.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ABOUT JEFFREY D. SACHS<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<p>Jeffrey D. Sachs is University Professor and Director of the Center for Sustainable Development at Columbia University, where he directed the Earth Institute from 2002 until 2016. He is President of the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network, Co-Chair of the Council of Engineers for the Energy Transition, Commissioner of the UN Broadband Commission for Development, academician of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences at the Vatican, and Tan Sri Jeffrey Cheah Honorary Distinguished Professor at Sunway University. He has been Special Advisor to three United Nations Secretaries-General, and currently serves as an SDG Advocat under Secretary General Ant\u00f3nio Guterres. He spent over twenty years as a professor at Harvard University, where he received his B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. degrees. Sachs has received 41 honorary doctorates, and his recent awards include the 2022 Tang Prize in Sustainable Development, the Legion of Honor by decree of the President of the Republic of France, and the Order of the Cross from the President of Estonia. His most recent books are The Ages of Globalization: Geography, Technology, and Institutions (2020) and Ethics in Action for Sustainable Development (2022).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\" data-sal=\"slide-up\" data-sal-easing=\"ease-in-out\" data-sal-delay=\"200\"><div class=\"row justify-content-md-center pb-3\"><div class=\"cnt_col\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The BRICS Summit Should Mark the End of Neocon Delusions<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12256,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[22820,21668,442,441,22822,449,21617,22821,22814,1336,166,410,90,22816,22627,22628,21633,21682,21348,22818,194,22819,22419,22418,21989,21847,21687,21846,22025,209,1848,22813,21943,206,21296,21149,268,21088,22817],"channel":[20955],"class_list":["post-12252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-latest","tag-asien","tag-brasil","tag-brasilien","tag-brazil","tag-bric","tag-brics","tag-brics-summit","tag-brics-gipfel","tag-brzezinski","tag-china","tag-eu","tag-europaeische-union","tag-european-union","tag-grand-chessboard","tag-hegemonie","tag-hegemony","tag-india","tag-jeffrey","tag-jeffrey-sachs","tag-john-winthrop","tag-nato","tag-necons","tag-neoconservatism","tag-neokonservatismus","tag-neokonservativen","tag-prof-jeffrey-sachs-2","tag-prof-sachs","tag-prof-jeffrey-sachs","tag-prof-sachs-2","tag-russland","tag-sanctions","tag-south-afrika","tag-sued-afrika","tag-ukraine","tag-ukraine-krieg","tag-ukraine-war","tag-united-nations","tag-vereinten-nationen","tag-zbigniew-brzezinski","channel-import"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"en","enabled_languages":["de","en"],"languages":{"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true}}},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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